At Chrysler, before Daimler, a fleet engineering team handled police cars, taxis, and performance cars—all the “special interest” vehicles. During the 1980s, Bob Lees headed this area. That team also personally took the police cars to the Michigan State Police and California Highway Patrol tests.
The nature of the work required many, many changes, mostly involving durability rather than power. To quote Bob Lees, “The police are like greyhounds at a rabbit track: when they see somebody doing something wrong they have complete focus on them and they take off after them. They don’t care if they are jumping curbs, or going over ditches or through hedges, they want to catch that person. So you do a lot to reinforce the suspension. You do things to the engine to make it last longer, and handle high speed work.”
Police cars endured all the normal testing of retail models, as well as numerous extra tests for tougher conditions. Changes from regular cars to police cars included:
Bodywork
Reinforced locks and hinges (so suspects could not kick the door open)
Reinforcements in the roof for the sirens and lights
Numerous extra welds—the exact number and placement depended on the year
Reduced chrome, when possible—police cars were usually built off the lowest trim model to keep prices low (and prevent public perception of “wasted taxpayer dollars”)
Better anti-rust treatments in some years
Powertrains
Chrysler usually offered a range of engines, including lower-powered models for city police, who had lower needs for power and higher needs for economy, and top-performance versions for rural and state police who may need a sustained pursuit without radio help from other officers. Both versions had high durability. To quote Bob Lees, “A police car is not going to catch a Ferrari, it’s not that fast. More than anything you want durability to be able to take the rough work, the rough roads and the pursuit work, or sitting by the side of the highway with the lights and radio going, sitting and idling for hours, even in the heat in the desert, and everything else. That’s where the emphasis is.”
Police could often catch criminals by chasing until the criminals’ cars failed. The famed New York City chase which inspired the one in The French Connection ended when a detective’s personal Plymouth outlasted the criminals’ car, which fell apart from the rough New York roads. (The city’s police cars did not make the cut, either, and that’s when New York City switched to Mopars—until Chrysler left the business.)
Upgrades generally included:
Heavy duty cooling to deal with long idle periods as well as long wide-open-throttle periods
Not just engine cooling; oil and power steering fluid coolers were often included
Heavier-duty transmissions with fluid coolers (pre-1990)
Durability upgrades, usually including more heat-resistant valves
Dual timing chains in many years (including all 318 and 360 V8s)
Heavy duty rockers (painted green and red)
Reinforced cranks and pistons
The biggest possible radiator, fan, and shroud
High-grade silicon rubber hoses (starting in the 1980s) to deal with underhood heat
Bigger axles, where applicable (e.g. M-bodies used the eight-and-a-quarter-inch design rather than the 318’s usual seven-and-a-half)
Brakes and suspension
Tighter steering chucks, which made the police part more desirable in pre-1990 cars
Stiffer, heavier duty shocks, springs, and/or struts (which can make police models uncomfortable, especially compared to standard retail cars)
Vinyl floors for durability and easier cleanup
High-speed tires
Bigger rims in some years (e.g. Diplomat/Gran Fury had 15x8 instead of normal 15x7), slotted for brake cooling
Light “dog-dish” hubcaps into 1989, with holes drilled for heat dissipation and weight reduction in 1981-89; the “dog dish” design covered just the lug nut area, leaving more room for heat dissipation
The biggest brakes Chrysler had for that year, with semi-metallic brake pads depending on the year
Rear sway bars on some models/some years
Silicone brake fluid in some years, to prevent brake fires under unusual conditions
Electrical
Heavy duty circuits to run radios and lights
Extra circuits for upfitters
Heavy duty alternators (in the 1950s, police cars were just about the only vehicles to get alternators instead of generators; in the 1970s and 1980s, they got the most powerful alternators, e.g. 90-100 amps)
Higher capacity batteries, in later years with battery insulators
Other
Calibrated speedometers, sometimes offered as an option
A switch to sound the siren with the horn button
Aftermarket tap-ins
Seats:
Reinforced structures (these were usually set as an option for fleet buyers since they were less comfortable)
Bench seating, even in cars not designed for it
Heavy-duty vinyl or fabric seat coverings
Extra radio speakers and two-way radio antennas
High pressure cutoff switches for the air conditioners in some years (to avoid problems with long idling times)
Modern Dodge Charger police cars can also have 360° cameras, computer mounts in the trunk, extra-large screens, swing-out keyboards, and other modern gear.
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Plymouth police cars of 1976
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Making police cars: who and what was involved?
Prototypical police cars: Dodge Diplomat and Plymouth Gran Fury
Mopar police cars of 1980: St. Regis/Gran Fury, Aspen/Volare, B-Van